by Linda Straker
- CARPHA confirmed outbreak of gastro caused by sapovirus, salmonella and E Coli
- Sapovirus, salmonella and E Coli are all spread via unhealthy hygienic practices
- For Week 23, health facilities recorded 155 cases, an increase of 27% compared to Week 22
The outbreak of gastroenteritis (gastro) is caused by sapovirus, salmonella and Escherichia Col (E Coli), according to analysis by the laboratory of Trinidad-based Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA). Samples from Grenada were sent to CARPHA last week.
“We have confirmed Sapovirus (similar family to norovirus), salmonella and E Coli as causes of the gastroenteritis outbreak we are currently experiencing,” Dr Shawn Charles, Chief Medical Officer in the Ministry of Health.
The weekly report for the period 3–9 June or Week 23, showed that collectively health facilities in both the public and private spheres recorded 155 cases, which is an increase of 27% when compared to Week 22.
Gastroenteritis is described as Acute (sudden) onset of diarrhoea, with or without fever. A person with the gastro will experience 3 or more loose or watery stools in a 24 hours period, with or without dehydration, vomiting and/or visible blood.
Charles said that the sapovirus and the bacteria are all spread via unhealthy hygienic practices such as not washing hands after using the toilet or changing the diapers of babies and the elderly.
“There is no specific treatment or vaccine for sapovirus. The illness subsides on its own within a week,” said Charles.
Internet search has shown that the primary mode of transmission of the sapovirus is through the oral–faecal route. Sapovirus can be transmitted by food or water contaminated with the virus, by contact with the vomit or faeces from infected individuals, or by contact with contaminated objects.
Sapovirus can cause food poisoning via raw or undercooked bivalves such as oysters. In addition, sapovirus can contaminate food and infect those who eat it when infected individuals and those cleaning up stool and vomit containing sapovirus, fail to wash their hands thoroughly using soap and water.
E Coli and salmonella are both bacteria that can cause food poisoning. E Coli is spread through infected animals or people whereas salmonella occurs in raw poultry, eggs, beef, and occasionally unwashed fruits and vegetables.
